钢琴构造复杂，内部零件近万余个，一些细微的变化均会影响质量，因此，日常保养是钢琴寿命长短的关键。保养不当的钢琴，寿命将会大大缩短。钢琴保养包括哪些内容？下面以哈罗德钢琴为例，为大家讲解下钢琴保养的方方面面： 

Piano's structure is complex with nearly ten thousand internal parts, and some subtle changes will affect the quality. Therefore, daily maintenance is the key to the life of the piano. Improper maintenance of the piano will greatly shortened its life. What does piano maintenance include? Take Harrodser piano as an example below to explain various aspects of piano maintenance:

 

 

   放 置 条 件  Placing conditions   

钢琴的外壳、击弦机和键盘等主要部件使用大量的实木、毡、呢和金属件，这些材料对温度的变化非常敏感，所以琴房的相对湿度保持在40%-70%为宜。若环境湿度太高或阴雨天气,应在琴内放置干燥剂或安装防潮管，避免部件受潮膨胀变形或生锈；若环境过于干燥，可在琴房内放置水盆，通过水的自然蒸发来保持琴内适宜的湿度，避免部件因干燥收缩变形或漆膜爆裂。 

The main parts of the piano, such as the shell, the action and the keyboard, use a lot of solid wood, felt, cloth and metal parts. These materials are very sensitive to the change of temperature, so the relative humidity of the piano room should be kept at 40%-70%. If the environment humidity is too high or it's rainy outside, there should be placed desiccant in the piano or installing moisture-proof tube to avoid parts of the damp swelling from deformation or rust; If the environment is too dry, there can be placed a basin in the musical instrument room, to maintain the appropriate humidity through the natural evaporation of water, and to avoid parts from deformation or burst paint film due to drying shrinkage.

  使 用 注 意 事 项  Matters need attention when using.  

奏时要洗净双手，把琴盖轻轻打开，指甲不能过长，不要在键盘上乱弹乱划，也不要用力过猛地敲键子，免于损坏内部机件。 

When playing, wash your hands and gently open the cover. Your nails should not be too long. Do not scribble on the keyboard or hitting the keys too hard to avoid damage to internal parts.

踏板时，不要用力过猛或过大。不要把杂物放在键盘上，以免掉进缝内，致使键盘机械和其它机械失灵，也不要将盛热水的器皿放在琴上，以防把琴面油漆烫坏或洒进琴内造成内部机件生锈。 

Do not push too hard when pedaling. Do not put sundries on the keyboard, so as they will not fall into the seam, resulting in keyboard machinery and other mechanical failure. Also do not put the hot water containers on the piano, in order to prevent the surface paint ironed or spilled into the piano, causeing rust internal parts.

禁止在钢琴上长期放置橡皮、塑料类的东西。  

It is forbidden to put rubber and plastic things on the piano for a long time.

钢琴使用完毕后，要将琴盖全部关闭，并用合适的琴罩盖好，防止灰尘侵入，灰尘会影响击弦机系统的运动灵活性并产生杂音。 

After the use of the piano, the piano cover should be closed completely and properly covered to prevent dust invasion. Dust will affect the movement flexibility of the action system and generate noise.

  清 洁 保 养  Cleaning and maintenance.  

擦拭表面：先用软毛刷（毛掸）将钢琴表面的浮尘祛除。这样可以防止擦拭时，大粒的灰尘将漆面划伤。用软棉布(应避免使用毛巾等粗纤维制品，以防止擦拭时将漆面划伤)，擦拭漆面（哑光漆面要用潮的软棉布擦拭）；

When wiping the surface: use a soft brush (duster) to remove dust from the surface of the piano. It can prevent the dirt of big grain scratches lacquer face when wiping. With soft cotton cloth (you should avoid the use of towels and other coarse fiber products, in order to prevent the paint surface scratches when wiping), and wipe the paint surface (to wipe with a damp soft cotton cloth on matte paint surface ); 

擦拭键盘：键盘需定期清洁，擦拭键面时，要用干爽软棉布，由里（谱架方向）向外（琴锁方向）擦拭，勿横向擦拭。若有较难擦拭的污渍，可用软布沾少许牙膏、肥皂水或抹亮液擦拭。切勿用含用酒精的清洗剂，以免琴键爆裂。但不能用同样方法擦拭外壳。 

When wiping the keyboard: the keyboard needs to be cleaned regularly. When wiping the surfaceof the key , wipe it with dry soft cotton cloth from the inside (the direction of the music stand) to the outside (the direction of the piano lock), not horizontally. If it's hard to wipe besmirch, you can use soft cloth with a few toothpaste, soap water or wipe bright fluid to wipe. Do not use alcohol cleaning agent, so as not to burst the keys. But do not wipe the shell in the same way.

  钢 琴 维 护  The maintenance of the piano  

一架好的钢琴要保持最佳的演奏效果，除了保养得当之外，一般来讲，钢琴还须每年调律一至两次。若太长时间不调整，则易造成零件永久性的磨损，或在下次调音时由于琴弦的张力聚然增加而影响结构。调律和整理必须聘请持有调律师的专业人员进行，以免钢琴受到损坏。

If you want to maintain the best performance of a good piano, in addition to proper maintenance, in general, the piano must be adjusted once or twice a year. If not be adjusted for too long, it will be easy to cause permanent wear parts, or in the next tuning it will affect the structure due to the tension of the string suddenly increased. Tuning must be carried out by professionals to avoid damage to the piano.